Apparatus for manufacturing gas.



No. 658,589. Patented Sept. 25, I900. H. RICHE.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GAS.

(Application flld June 1, 1900. (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet I.

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Patented Sapt.- 25, 1900.

H. RlCHE. APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GAS.

(Application meuune 1, 1900. (No Model.) 5 Shoata-Sheet z.

No. 658,589. Patented Sept. 25, I900.

H RIGHE v APPARATUS FOR MANUFAGTURING GAS.

-(App1ica.ti0n filed June 1, 1900.

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APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GAS.

(Application filed June 1, 1900.) (No llodal.) 5 Sheets-,Sheot 4.

Patented Sept. 25, I900.

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No. 658,589. Patented Sept 25. I900.

H. RICHE.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GAS.

(Application filed June 1, 1900.)

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(No Model.)

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UNrrnn STATES ATENT @FFICE.

HENRI RICI-IE, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 658,589, datedSeptember 25, 1900.

Application filed June 1,1900- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRI Rionn, gas manufacturer, a citizen of France,residing at 28 Rue St. Lazare, Paris, France, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Gas, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object improve ments in apparatus intended toconvert firewood into gas and working according to the well-knownprinciple of inverted distillation. These improvements relate chiefly toarrangements by which the products of the distillation are purifiedbefore leaving the retort, being caused to pass through a thick layer ora column of incandescent coal residues resulting from a great number ofprevious distillations, which residues are steadily renewed by theadditional residues of the successive charges.

The characteristic feature of this apparatus or furnace lies in theparticular arrangement of the retort, which is of a very simple andeconomical construction,for allowing the above-mentioned result to beobtained.

1n order that my invention may be readily understood, I will describe itwith reference to the accompanying drawings, in Which Figure 1represents a side elevation of the furnace. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectionof the same through the axis of the heating-chamber. Fig. 3 represents atransverse axial section of the furnace through one of the retorts-saythrough the line A B of Fig. 4,. Figs. 4 and 5 are horizontal sectionsof the same, respectively, through the lines 0 D and E F of Fig. 2.

As will be seen from the drawings, the apparatus consists of agas-furnace having vertically -arranged retorts, which are heated fromoutside to a red heatsay 800 to 900 centigradeby the flames of a furnacewith heating-chamber in the central part of the masonry.

The retorts a, whichare made of cast-iron or other suitable material,may be of any convenient shape; but I prefer to make them cylindrical.They are arranged vertically and bear by their lower part on ahorizontal and cylindrical piece I), which I shall call a thermicalfilter or purifying apparatus. The retorta and piece I) are united bymeans of a serial No. 18,746. (No model.)

rib-and-groove device '0, fitted on the cylinder b, in which I insert arefractory mastic :compressed by the sole weight of the retort,

I Behind the furnace f is arranged the central heating-chamber g, in thelower part of which openings h are provided, leading to the verticalflues t, of fire-brick, wherein the retorts a are placed. The severalfines 2' are set in communicatlon by means of conduits jand k with amain conduit m, leading to the chimney n; Damper-doors 0 are arranged atthe upper part of the conduits it.

Every horizontal cylinder b,.upon which bears the retort, is fitted witha curved and diagonally-arranged pipep, causing the products of thedistillation to cross the washing apparatus g, from which they aredischarged through the piping 1' to the gasometer or the utilizingapparatus.

This apparatus works in the following manner: The furnace f beinglighted, the air passes across the fire-grate and the fuel is convertedinto Siemens gas, which mixes with the air entering through the door 3.This gas is burned in form of long flames in the central heating-chamberg, wherein the combustion is perfected. The burned gases pass then at avery high temperature through the openings h to the vertical flues 2',rise along the said fines, and flow across the conduitsj is (providedwith damper-doors) and the main conduit m to the chimney n. When theapparatus, andin particular the retort, has been brought to asufficiently high tem perature,the

retort-a is opened and charged with a little quantity of coke orcharcoal, so as to fill the rear part of the cylinder 1) and the lowerpart of the retort a, as shown in Fig. 3. When this coke or thischarcoal has been raised to a red heat, the retortis charged with thewood to be distilled, after which the cover d is closed and tightened.Now the distillation conimences, and the resulting gases arefiltered bypassing through the incandescent column of coal in the lower end of theretort and in the cylinder b, where they are purified on one side bycementing the coal indestroying its tar-vapors and on the other side byconis to increase in a large scale the volume I,

and the weight of the produced gas by addition of the gases being formedfrom the coudensable bodies of the simple distillation. It requiresneither manual labor nor expense,

as the purifying material is produced by the distilled fuel, itselffalls naturally in the place where it is to be employed, and isantomatically renewed by the succession of the charges. The purified gasis collected at the front part of the cylinder b and sent by the curvedpipe 19 to the washing and cooling tank q and from the latter throughthe piping r to the gas-reservoir or to the utilizing apparatus.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown an apparatus or a furnacehaving four retorts-say four gas-producing elements; but it will beeasilyunderstood that I do not limit myself to this particular number,which may be varied according to the size and power of the apparatus.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of myinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare thatwhat I claim is- 1. In an apparatus for the manufacture of gas, afurnace, a heating-chamber provided therein, a series of vertical fluesin communication with said chamber, a vertical retort arranged in eachof said fines and adapted to be heated externally, a conduit is incommunication with each of said fiues and provided with a suitabledamper, a separate cylinder connected to the bottom of each of saidretorts, a washing-tank,-and connections be-' tween said tank andcylinders, substantially as described.

2. In an apparatus for the manufacture of gas, a furnace, aheating-chamber provided therein, a series of vertical lines incommunication with said chamber, a vertical retort arranged in each ofsaid fiues and adapted to be heated externally and further provided witha suitable top or cover, a separatefiltering or purifying deviceconnected to the lower end of each of said retorts, a washingtank, aconnection between said tank and filtering device, a series of conduitsit each provided with a damper, a series of conduits j for establishingcommunication between said conduits k and said vertical flues, and asuitable outlet-pipe connection for said tank. i

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

HENRI RIOHE.

Witnesses:

EMILE KLOTZ, EDWARD P. MACLEAN.

